https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/65275/archive/files/2f0a6626694fa92e388b211125815f2d.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=CR6pfSwIL238IeWue4LYw3kE%7EPvNWzPKpUs8xoCs0rEks%7Ec6ihBPCphQyVt9uR3MeIs2B-%7ESuRpeRarN59jTh7J7YsBFXGfYuEQMy5XiAUQZvRhV9Znl7pqLemxbrorHN%7ElZYOeSrSUoAaTkcbq1QJYQrYics6pOiIY5ZcRGCiYxJ3%7EMrQaIKc70zs2uEZl6JwfIVOdU8DGYl0tKDmv1IpgtY-GE66lG-gwaDTxBjeYYM4jN9VXmSxoLdkkNCF8XjawNy8UqXCLcOvzILMTvIudFEg1VrM7RvTg%7EhbijJaLH4sIStUhywYSRTIRf-8uAj5tC7rPoSJfBZDaCNN8iBg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ad9d63a45ca1ee5d3450bb784b300215 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource St. Augustine Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Kansas City, MO: Van Noy-Interstate Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c.1920s https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/65275/archive/files/1e69b6dce96d68e2de945a9254087624.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=BOS9%7EqBZM9T70ZNdQeu2MC4q7pllorRXNlyAxt3poE6peV6tk7RugnYZ6RcCmqxbmjzfoms8E9X8QdckEHuW1kPomjd%7EvWUhWnt2WTpAGuOAnwZRcKmXtLyKcWEGWVao9XJjL-KgZOr7-tUYXc8SN7AVa74QT2--hgpGNY6BhyaONFj6SuuaX3n4PXpODc1cPnkNIjzy3l5QuGJkbYdNGrt2L75wrtqjHHy8YzYRbJkiTqDoXMFuLK46UlLFMneooE80yCidj1Fzmk6LYi8suPeAQ8IqMnIMVV%7E2kFjwRok-8HOEPCDNHHTd%7Em1MSKJ86TlPyEaOtI1E-kJKCU9mCQ__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM f3dcf536121c7508f35d6edd267ae8b6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Beth Rogero Bowen and the St. Augustine Historical Society Title A name given to the resource St. Augustine in the 1930s and 1940s Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Charleston, SC: Acadia Publishing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/65275/archive/files/d4fc63a24daca0afd179bc9e7ae49618.jpg?Expires=1779926400&Signature=t3X4KNeb9DDl084fEiEVVK%7EJ5mFvSEeS5F7V%7EmBW7N7kNopoG8AXuzpInbgxeYHx-VSue1GeqZFBFYX7ki431nublK9wRfi0ZII4h3MHK9fe4UlMDAtcH21883SvcNlcvXCrIxefMsVnG%7EcukowpuEUVYYoLQVX491DNdyunupj47ZtqYlKnNDGj5WcIJrc9IO-T2G4Z5tx6c8JWmCLiic2vMifiT4RjegzRll4%7EuWkcomY0cAkOxB3uMejQjQ7fHl4WMu0DBnqDUQnj%7EzS1p9STP2QYTTfgtlZYsDXswAbc76U4IQ9M49Ta6kjCEiQfOJw10Iq5v4Sq0s0sVwuOkg__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM 9fb1d150416ddb8b8680093547fa0aef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John L. Vollbrecht Title A name given to the resource St. Augustine’s Historical Heritage as Seen Today…With Historical Notes on the Oldest House Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Photography by J. Carver Harris Foreword by David R. Dunham Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available St. Augustine, FL: The Record Press/J. Carver Harris Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952 https://d1y502jg6fpugt.cloudfront.net/65275/archive/files/0f5e2de43f62932d928ab563db352016.JPG?Expires=1779926400&Signature=Ffp-%7E2BySbN0L8eNCiTn6fk5XSSzfzQ1fJE1h4W7tW%7EEM2HEnYgJ0tsAe%7EeuTid56r7BBMwKOsM0NuZSlvZzunvvaqMHmUOGdKBZhgQpqLx1rQVVKksPuLu94Xerz3qXQVZ84JisGvyLKvGyd5TKHEJknuTCGjVQR-5u84jc8V5axwEI2iGz8KDBeFQullXZdfStY3EqkIqGTSZmr6NacNvdkS80%7EQ9tUx6H3u3by1k0JzlI4a8MkBE8-qvAHMTg%7ENuRCYic9tYtVCgmd-mdYQMcyeGavVLAsT2cMgbzURtJygSO6pYqsK%7E1vJYqZBk4H11PxWdfKhpSptzgaMUvaA__&Key-Pair-Id=K6UGZS9ZTDSZM ff60da467cf4dc5d6f1190cb2acf8539 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Katherine Owens Title A name given to the resource Constitution Obelisk Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Monday, October 20, 2025 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Constitucion Obelisk Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The following books, articles, websites, and photographers were used to find the above photographs or illustrations: Photograph 1 (c.1920): St. Augustine. Kansas City, MO: Van Noy-Interstate, c.1920s. Photograph 2 (early 1940s): Bowen, Beth Rogero, and the St. Augustine Historical Society. St. Augustine in the 1930s and 1940s. Acadia Publishing, 2019. Photograph 3 (1952): Vollbrecht, John L. St. Augustine’s Historical Heritage as Seen Today…With Historical Notes on the Oldest House. Photography by J. Carver Harris. Foreword by David R. Dunham. St. Augustine, FL: The Record Press/J. Carver Harris, 1952. Photograph 4 (2025): Owens, Katherine. "Constitution Obelisk." October 20, 2025. The following books, articles, and/or websites were used to find information about this location: Adams, William R. St. Augustine and St. Johns County: A Historical Guide. Pineapple Press, 2009. Adams, William R., and Paul L. Weaver, III. Historic Places of St. Augustine and St. Johns County: A Visitor’s Guide. St. Augustine, FL: Southern Heritage Press, 1993. Gordon, Elsbeth “Buff.” Walking St. Augustine: An Illustrated Guide and Pocket History to America’s Oldest City. Univ. of Florida Press, 2015. Reynolds, Charles B. The Standard Guide: St. Augustine, East Coast, Indian River and Lake Worth. Published by the author, 1895. Description An account of the resource The thirty-foot-tall Constitución monument, located in the western section of the Plaza, was erected in 1813 to celebrate Spain’s short-lived constitutional government, which only lasted until 1814. The white monument contains a plaque sent from Spain along with orders to rename all Spanish plazas to “Plaza de la Constitución.” Made of coquina and covered in stucco, the amount of money and length of time it took for the local citizenry to build the monument meant that when orders arrived upon the return of the monarchy in 1814, the order was ignored and only the plaque was removed. The plaque was later reinstalled when Spain was once again under a constitutional government in 1818. This is one of the oldest public monuments in the United States. Type The nature or genre of the resource This is a memorial monument. Mediator An entity that mediates access to the resource and for whom the resource is intended or useful. In an educational context, a mediator might be a parent, teacher, teaching assistant, or care-giver. As part of the Plaza, access to the monument is free and open to the public. Rights Holder A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Plaza de la Constitucion 1 Cathedral Place St. Augustine, FL 32084 Relation A related resource The Constitution Monument is located in the western quadrant of the <a href="https://staugustinefiction.omeka.net/items/show/374" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Plaza de la Constitution</a>. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Flagler College’s Rare Books, Floridiana & Institutional Repository are neither the original nor current copyright owner for the photographs. Please contact the publisher or source cited for each photograph to obtain a copy and/or permission to reproduce these items. Is Referenced By A related resource that references, cites, or otherwise points to the described resource. To see which books likely include the Obelisk as part of a visit to the <a href="https://staugustinefiction.omeka.net/items/show/374" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Plaza de la Constitution</a>, please refer to the list in that record. Date Submitted Date of submission of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Submitted may be relevant are a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal). This record was last updated on December 18, 2025. Has Part A related resource that is included either physically or logically in the described resource. City of St. Augustine Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1813-1814 Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 1818